The seventy-fifth session of the United Nations General Assembly in March 2021 declared 2023 the International Year of Millets (IYM 2023), based on a proposal submitted by the Government of India and supported by 72 countries. The stated intention is to use this opportunity to raise awareness of the potential benefits of millet, from nutrition and health to environmental sustainability and economic development. It was also about strengthening the interaction between science and policy, facilitating partnerships, mobilizing stakeholders to produce and promote millet and encouraging the consumption of millet by the general public. The dynamics around IYM 2023 aims to promote research and development in the field of sustainable and resilient millet production, while highlighting the potential of millet to offer new market opportunities to farmers and producers and innovative products to consumers. Beyond the year 2023, it is a real reference document on millet that the FAO leaves available to practitioners and researchers.