What does the increasingly important engagement of emerging economies in the African agricultural sector mean for the African Union’s Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program (CAADP)? This paper looks at the case of Ghana and Brazil, and tries to flesh out how Brazilian cooperation and private investment relate to the country’s CAADP investment plan, the Medium Term Agriculture Sector Investment Plan (METASIP). It is hoped that such an analysis can feed into broader reflection on how to rally various external stakeholders, be they emerging economies, OECD-DAC development partners, private sector actors, and others, around African owned regional and national agricultural development plans. This country study is part of a broader research project, with other country case studies undertaken in Tanzania and Ethiopia.