This Foresight report from the Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition on the future of diets provides fresh insights into changes in diets across the world. It highlights the impact of major drivers of change in dietary patterns, including population growth, rising incomes, urbanization and globalization. The report complements the 2016 Global Nutrition Report in delivering strong evidence to underpin policy change. The data presented here focus on the challenges that decision makers face when attempting to integrate nutrition within current food systems and agricultural policies. It sets out ways to approach these challenges so that policies are shaped in a way that delivers healthy, safe and nutritious diets for all.