The study commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) African Facility for Inclusive Markets (AFIM) seeks to identify the roles and opportunities for the private sector in Africa’s agro-food industry. It focuses on successful inclusive market development models in Africa and highlights the incentives required for the private sector to capture business opportunities and deepen investment in the agro-food sector. Furthermore the study explores mechanisms through which the private sector can engage smallholder farmers and turn them from subsistence farmers into viable agri-enterprises.